General objective of this lecture is to present on Nature of Genetic Material. Genetic material is that substance which not only controls the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next but is also able to express its effect through the formation and functioning of the traits. Here briefly present three types of property of Genetic Material: Property 1 – it must contain, in a stable form, information encoding the organism’s structure, function, development and reproduction; Property 2 – it must replicate accurately so progeny cells have the same genetic makeup and Property 3 – it must be capable of some variation (mutation) to permit evolution.