SME Loan Disbursement and Recovery of Jamuna Bank Limited

The principle objective of this report is to analyze the SME loan disbursement of Jamuna bank ltd. Other objectives of this reports are to know the SME loan and its different products of Jamuna Bank ltd. Savar branch, to be acquainted with SME loan recovery procedures of Jamuna Bank ltd and to know about the management system of Jamuna Bank Limited as a private commercial bank, its formation, and its functional, operational, and financial aspects. Finally this report make swot analysis the SME loan disbursement of Jamuna bank limited.

Objectives of the study:

The objectives of the study are divided into two categories which are general objective and specific objectives that are summarized below:

General objective:

The general objective of the study is to analyze the SME loan disbursement of Jamuna bank ltd. Savar branch.

Specific Objectives:

• To know the SME loan and its different products of Jamuna Bank ltd. Savar branch.
• To be acquainted with SME loan recovery procedures of Jamuna Bank ltd.
• To know about the management system of Jamuna Bank Limited as a private commercial bank, its formation, and its functional, operational, and financial aspects.
• To make a comparative analysis of different kinds of loan with SME loan scheme.

• To determine the most important attributes of service quality about SME loan Analysis and Disbursement Process of JBL.

Methodology of the report:

Methodology includes direct observation, face-to-face discussion with employees of different departments, study of files, circulars and practical works. This study includes both quantitative and qualitative data of 2008-2011. However, this report is basically qualitative in nature. In all the cases depending on the requirements data have been collected from different sources.

Source of Data:

This report is based on both primary and secondary source of information.

The primary sources

For collecting primary data, the respective department officer(s) have been requested and accordingly they provide the required information. Others are like-

• Personal Observation.
• Direct conversation with the clients

The secondary sources:

• Annual Report 2008-11 of Jamuna Bank Ltd.
• Visit the JBL website “ jamunabankbd.com ”
• Periodicals published by the Bangladesh Bank;
• Different publications regarding banking functions, operation, and transactions policies.
• Official documents and File study.
• Different circulars sent by Head Office of the Jamuna Bank and Bangladesh Bank

Data Analysis Method:

• With the help of Microsoft word and Excel
• Making some table and graph

Background of JBL:

Jamuna Bank Limited (JBL) is a Banking Company registered under the Companies Act, 1994 with its Head Office at Printers Building Bhaban,3 Dilkusha C/A, Dhaka-1000. The Bank started its operation from 2^nd April 2001. Jamuna Bank Ltd., the only Bengali named new generation private commercial bank was established by group of winning local entrepreneurs conceiving an idea of creating a model banking institution with different outlook to offer the valued customers, a comprehensive range of financial services and innovative products for sustainable mutual growth and prosperity. The sponsors are reputed personalities in the field of trade, commerce and industries.

Jamuna Bank Limited is a highly capitalized new generation Bank with an Authorized Capital and Paid-up Capital of Tk. 4000.00 million and Tk.1622.00 million respectively in the 31^st March 2010. Currently the Bank has 66 (sixty six) branches- 29 branches in Dhaka, 10 branches in Chittagong, 09 branches in Rajshahi, 03 branches in Sylhet, 02 branches in Comilla, 01 in Barisal and except branch in another districts. Last branch has been opened at Chittagong. Jamuna Bank Limited is a fast growing private sector bank in Bangladesh. This is a third generation private commercial bank. It has created a new horizon of its own in the banking arena of Bangladesh in terms of service to the customers. The bank has expanded and consolidated its customer base in both of its core businesses and retail banking.

The Bank undertakes all types of banking transactions to support the development of trade and commerce in the country. JBL’s services are also available for the entrepreneurs to set up new ventures and BMRE of industrial units. To provide clientele services in respect of international trade it has established wide correspondent banking relationship with local and foreign banks covering major trade and financial centers at home and abroad. Jamuna Bank Limited is operating branches on both conventional interest based banking and Islamic Shariah Principle based Banking. The Bank starts Islamic Shariah based banking by opening an Islamic Banking Branch at Nayabazar, Dhaka. The Islamic Banking operations are completely separate from the conventional banking.

Objectives of the JBL:

• To earn and maintain CAMELS Rating Strong.
• To establish relationship banking and improve service quality through development of strategies marketing plans.
• To remain one of the best banks in Bangladesh in terms of Profitability and assets quality.
• To introduce fully automated system through integration of Information Technology.
• To ensure an adequate rate of return on investment
• To keep risk position at an acceptable range (including any of balance sheet risk)
• To maintain adequate liquidity to meet maturing obligation and commitments
• To maintain a healthy growth of business with desired image
• To maintain adequate control systems and transparency in procedure
• To develop and retain a quality work force through an effective Human Resources Management System
• To ensure optimum utilization of all available resources
• To pursue an effective system of management by ensuring compliance to clinical norms, transparency and accountability

Strategies of the JBL: 

• To raise capital up to Tk. 4000.00 million by 2010 through the right share issue. 80 percent works have been performed to raise capital within due time.
• To manage and operate the Bank in the most efficient manner to enhance financial performance and to control cost of fund
• To strive for customer satisfaction through quality control and delivery of timely services
• To identify customers’ credit and other banking needs and monitor their perception towards our performance in meeting those requirements.
• To review and update policies, procedures and practices to enhance the ability to extend better service to customers.
• To train and develop all employees and provide them adequate resources so that customers’ need be reasonably addressed.
• To promote organizational effectiveness by openly communicating company plans, policies, practices and procedures to employees in a timely fashion
• To cultivate a working environment that fosters positive motivation for improved performance.

Products of the JBL:

The Jamuna Bank offers different types of services to its customers and they are expanding the area of service day by day. From the very beginning they gave more emphasis on satisfaction of customers. They offer the general banking facilities such as receiving deposit, paying of cash and giving loan etc. They also offer-

• Online Banking System
• Money gram
• ATM
• Pay order
• Demand Deposit
• Debit Card
• Credit Card
• Visa Card
• Easy Loan
• Gold Grace
• Islamic Banking facilities
• Foreign exchange
• Remittance etc
• SME Banking
• Retail Banking
• Locker service
• NRB Banking
• Special Scheme Deposit
• Pension Scheme Deposit
• Fixed Deposit

Products of JBL, Savar Branch:

JBL Savar Branch offers mainly the general banking facilities such as receiving deposit, paying of cash and giving loan etc. They also offer-

• Online Banking System
• Money gram
• ATM
• Pay order
• Demand Deposit( Current Deposit)
• Debit Card
• Credit Card
• Visa Card
• Easy Loan
• Remittance etc
• SME Banking
• Time Deposit (Savings, Short notice Deposit, Fixed Deposit & Scheme Deposit.)
• Special Scheme Deposit
• Pension Scheme Deposit
• Fixed Deposit

Another activities performed by JBL:

SWIFT:

Jamuna Bank Limited is the member of SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Inter-bank Financial Telecommunication). SWIFT is a member owned co-operative, which provides a fast and accurate communication network for financial transactions such as Letters of Credit, Fund transfer etc. By becoming a member of SWIFT, the bank has opened up possibilities for uninterrupted connectivity with over 5,700 user institutions in 150 countries around the world. To provide International Trade related services we have established Correspondent Banking relationship with 336 locations of 106 world reputed Banks in more than 100 countries.JBL main Correspondent Banks are: Citi Bank  N.A., Standard Chartered, American Express Bank, Bank of New York, Bank of Nova Scotia, , Dresdner Bank AG, Habib American Bank, Habib Bank, Commercial Bank, Shinhan Bank, State Bank of India (Canada) UFJ Bank Ltd., United Bank of India, Bank of Bhutan and Allied Bank Philippines etc.

Corporate Banking:

The motto of JBL’s Corporate Banking services is to provide personalized solutions to our customers. The Bank distinguishes and identifies corporate customers’ need and designs tailored solutions accordingly.

Jamuna Bank Ltd. offers a complete range of advisory, financing and operational services to its corporate client groups combining trade, treasury, investment and transactional banking activities in one package. Whether it is project finance, term loan, import or export deal, a working capital requirement or a forward cover for a foreign currency transaction, Corporate Banking Managers will offer you the accurate solution.

Personal Banking:

Personal Banking Division (PBD) introduces to the customers with a variety of products. Our PBD continuously meets the challenges of developing new products and services to match the specific requirements of customers.

Personal Banking Division (PBD) issues both VISA Debit Cards and VISA Credit Cards. VISA is the renowned Card brand in the earth. Jamuna Bank Limited is a principal member of VISA Worldwide. Remittance Cell is another successful wing of the Personal Banking Division.

Instant Cash/Spot Cash:

With large ATM of JBL network including non-branch ATM across the country you have the privilege of round the clock withdrawal and other account services at your convenience. Customer can enjoy higher ATM withdrawal limit each day. No fees on retail purchase and can use our Credit Cards at thousands of retail outlets around the world.

ATM service available in all over the country Withdrawal allowed from ATM’s/VISA logo of Jamuna Bank Ltd., AB Bank, The City Bank, Janata Bank, IFIC Bank, Mercantile Bank, Pubali Bank, Eastern Bank Ltd, Dutch Bangla Bank Ltd, respectively.

Foreign Remittance:

Jamuna Bank Ltd. has a network of branches in Bangladesh and more branches are going to be added to network soon. Remittance services are available at all branches and foreign remittances may be sent to any branch by the remitters favoring their beneficiaries.  Remittances are credited to the account of beneficiaries instantly through Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) mechanism or within shortest possible time. Jamuna Bank Ltd. has correspondent banking relationship with all major banks located in almost all the countries/cities.

Trading of Government Treasury Bond and Other Govt. Securities:

Jamuna Bank Limited has been nominated as a Primary Dealer by the Bangladesh Bank for trading 5, 10, 15 and 20 Years Treasury Bonds and other Government Securities.

(i)  Individuals and institutions resident in Bangladesh, including provident funds, pension funds, bank and corporate bodies shall be eligible to purchase the BGTBs.

(ii) Individuals and institutions not resident in Bangladesh shall also be eligible to purchase   the BGTBs.

JBL: Today

JBL has the authorized capital of the Bank is Tk. 4000.00 million of 1,60,00,000 ordinary shares of Tk. 100 each and the paid up capital of the Bank is Tk. 1313.27 million divided into 4,290,000 ordinary shares of Tk. 100 each fully paid-up in cash. The following table shows the amount of fund indifferent sectors of JBL. The following table expresses the following situation JBL.

Table: Present status of JBL Taka in Million

Policy & Procedure of SME Finance

Small & Medium Enterprise (SME):

SME is an additional and specialized horizon of the bank which serves the banks special focus in promoting broad based participation by catering to the small and medium entrepreneur. The network of SME has already been established throughout Bangladesh.

SME are recognized as engine of economic growth and employment generation for sustainable industrialization in both developed and developing countries of the world. In context of Bangladesh, there is no alternative of small and medium enterprises for rapid industrialization and national economic growth through lower capital investment and employment.
The SME Foundation is playing its role in helping the SME entrepreneurs including the women entrepreneurs by conducting various programs with an aim to develop the SMEs of Bangladesh. One of the major aims of SMEF is to bring the grassroots entrepreneurs into the main stream of economic development through employment generation, reduction of social discrimination and poverty alleviation.

SME Finance:

It is usually defined as one’s ability to buy with a promise to pay. From a banker’s point of view, credit is the confidence of the lender on the ability and willingness of the borrower to repay the debts at a future date.

Banks charge a higher interest for loans than the deposit rate given to customers. The difference in rates is the profit for a bank. 80% of a banks profit comes from the interests. Loans and advances comprise a large portion of banks assets and this is the backbone of a bank’s structure. The strength of a bank is primarily judged by the soundness of its loans and advances. So, the loan and loan department is a very important department of a bank. Loan policy is very important. If a bank takes very strict loan policy, then the amount of loan will be less. If the loan polity is flexible, then the amount of loan will be much. But strict loan policy leads to lesser bad loans. Sometimes, loan policy cannot prevent customer’s bad intention of not adjusting loans. This is why; strict loan policy is very necessary for every bank for the safety of their investments.

SME Finance Policy:

JBL SME Loan Policy contains the views of total macro-economic development of the country. As a whole by way of providing financial support to the trade, commerce and industry throughout its loan operation JBL goes to every possible corners of the society. They are financing large and medium scale business house and industry. At the same time they also take cares entrepreneur through its operation of lease finance and some micro loan, small loan scheme etc. The bank has come up with a scheme where women will be given financial support for their self-employment and development.

SME Finance Sanctioning Authority of JBL:

Delegated powers are expected to be exercised by the authorized executives sensibly keeping the bank’s interest in mind. In exercising the power so delegated authorized executives shall also have loan restriction, tools and regulations as governed by Banking Company Act, Bangladesh Bank, and other usual loan norms.

However, the following guidelines are laid down before the executives of JBL for exercising the delegated power­

• The borrower must be a man of integrity and must enjoy good reputation in the market.
• The borrower must have the capacity and capability for utilizing loan properly and profitably. ­
• The enterprise of the borrower must be viable and profitable i.e. proposal of the borrower must be evaluated properly and carefully so as to ascertain its profitability. The enterprise must generate sufficient fund for debt and servicing.”
• A customer to whom loan is to be allowed should be far as possible within the command area. .
• No sanctioning officer can sanction any credit to any of his near relatives and to any company where his relatives have financial interest.

Processing and Screening of Loan Proposal:

There are some common regulations governed by Banking Company Act, 1991 Bangladesh Bank and the law of the State which has to be followed strictly at the time of screening a loan proposal.

In addition loan proposals are appraised critically by JBL loan officials from various angles to judge the feasibility of proposal. The customer at the branch of the bank place loan proposals. When a customer comes with loan proposal, the loan department officials of the branch make an open discussion with the customer on different issues of the proposal to judge worthiness of the proposal and customer. If the proposal seems worthwhile in all aspect then the proposal is placed before loan committee of the bank. After threadbare discussion, if the committee agrees in principle the proposal is sanctioned as per the delegated business power of the branch.

However, if the magnitude of the proposal is beyond the delegated business power of the branch they forward it to the Head Office with recommendation for sanction or approval.

On receiving the proposal, the Loan Division of Head Office places the proposal in the Head Office Loan Committee. The committee further analyzes proposals critically and if agree in principle they sanction the same as per delegated business power. Again if the merit and magnitude of the proposal is beyond the delegated business power of the Head Office Loan Committee or Managing Director they forward proposal to the Board of the Bank with recommendation for approval.

If the proposal is found unviable at the branch level they decline the same from their desk. In the same way, proposals are also declined from the Head Office Loan Committee and from Board if it is not feasible.

Loans offered by JBL, Savar Branch:

Savar Branch of JBL successfully deals following loan with potential customers.

Tools for Appraisal Loan:

The 10 C’s of Good and Bad Loan- In addition to the formal loan appraisal, the loan an official of JBL tries to judge the possible client based on some criteria. These criteria are called the C’s of good and bad loan. These are described below:

• Character: Make sure that the individual or company they are lending has outstanding integrity.
• Capacity: Make sure that the individual or the company they are lending has the capability of repaying the loan.
• Condition: Understanding the business and economic conditions that whether it will change after the loan is made.
• Capital: Make sure that the individual or the company they are lending has an appropriate level of investment in the company.
• Collateral: Make sure that there is a second way out of a loan but do not allow that to drive the loan decision.
• Complacency: Official do not rely on past. They remain alert every time whether any mistake is taking place or not.
• Carelessness: They believe that documentation, follow up and consistent monitoring is essential to high quality loan portfolio.
• Communication: They share loan objectives and loan decision making both vertically and laterally within the bank.
• Contingencies: Make sure that they understand the risk; particularly the downside possibilities and those they structure and price the loan consistently with the understanding.
• Competition: They do not get swept away by what others are doing

Securities:

It is essentia1 that the proposals define clearly the purpose of the facility, the sources of repayment, the agreed repayment schedule, the value of security (land, machinery, security papers, bond, sanchaypatra etc.) and the customer relationships consideration implicit in, the loan division. Where the security is to be accepted as collateral for the facility all documentation relating to the security shall be in the approved from.

All approval procedures and required documentation shall be completed and all securities shall be place prior to the disbursement of the facility.

Documentation:

A document is a written statement of facts of proof or evidence arising out of particular transaction, which on placement may bind the parties there to answerable and liable to the law for satisfaction of the charge in question.

The execution of documents in proper form and according to the requirements of the law is known as documentation. The documentation does establish a legal relationship between the lending bank and the borrower. The terms and conditions of loans and advances, the securities charged and the repayment schedule are recorded in writing. Proper documentation is necessary to safeguard the future interest of the bank.

Documents are necessary for the acknowledgement of the debt by the borrower and charging of securities to the bank by him. Proper and correct documentation is essential not only for the safety of advance but also necessary for taking legal action against the debtors in case of non-repayment of dues. Depending on the types of loans and advances different documents are required. Such as­

Documentation of Loan:

• Demand of Promissory (D.P) Note
• Letter of partnership (in case of partnership concern) or resolution of the board of Directors (in case of Limited concern)
• Letter of Agreement
• Letter of Disbursement.
• Letter of Pledge (in case of pledge of goods)
• Letter of Hypothecation (in case of hypothecation of goods)
• Trust Receipt (in case-of L TR facility)
• Letter of Lien and “Ownership” (in case of advance against share)
• Letter of Lien for Packing Loans (in case of packing loans)
• Letter of Lien (in case of advance against FOR)
• Letter of Lien and transfer authority (in case of advance against PSP, SSP etc)
• Legal documents for mortgage of the property (as drafted by legal advisor)

All required Documents as mentioned before should be obtained before any loan is disbursed. Disbursed of any loan facility requires approval of the component authority that should ensure before exercising such delegated authority that all the required documentation have been completed. Loan Facilities Extended by JBLThe main functions of a commercial bank are two: 1) to take deposit and 2) to make advance. Making advance is the most important function of a bank. This depends on the profitability of the bank. Moreover, Bank make advance out of the deposits of the public which are payable at demand. A Commercial Bank makes advances to different sectors for different purpose i.e. financing of Trade and Commerce, Export and Import, Industries, Agriculture, Transport, House-Building etc.

SME Finance of JBL, Savar Branch:

Small businesses play a significant role in the socio economic development of a country. Irrespective of the systems of the economy, growth stage of the country, place of industry in the economy, use of skill and technology in any country small business plays an important role which none of the concerned people dare to undermine though small in size but small business and their entrepreneurs are big with large potentiality. Jamuna Bank limited Savar Branch has also launched this SME policy for small businesses.

The role of Small and Medium Enterprises is very crucial in the economic development of the country. SME plays the vital role for employment generation, particularly self-employment by making significant contribution of 25% to GDP. As a part of commitment, JBL may substantially contribute to the socio-economic development of the country providing financial support to the Small and Medium Enterprise sector.

Case Study

Case-1 Working Capital Loan

Abdul Malek is a Business man. He is doing Business from three years at Savar Station Road. His business item is stationary things. To operate this business usually he suffered to keeping capital requirement for the business. For this reason he wanted to take loan from banks or any financial institutions. By this time he heard that Jamuna Bank is offering a package of working capital solution [50% revolving credit (cash credit) facility] to run the business properly. To get this loan Maximum up to 70% of the net required working capital or 75% of the sum total inventory (cost or market value whichever is lower) and net receivables (below 180 days older). But existing DSCR must be at least 1.75 for tenure of 24 month and below and DSCR must be at least 2.00 for tenure of above 24 month.

Purpose

The main purpose is to meet up working capital requirement of the business

Key Features

• Loan Amount: BDT 5.00 lac to BDT 50.00 lac.
• Tenure: For revolving loan- Maximum 01 year (Renewable).
• For Term Loan- Maximum 36 months. Interest Rate: Competitive interest rate. Fast and quality service.
• No hidden charge.
• Registered Mortgage of Property is required.
• legal documents as per documentation checklist.
• Rate of Interest/Return 13%
• Loan processing fee 1% of the loan amount
• Penal interest/Compensation 4% P.A on the overdue amount
• Maximum period of Loan 05 years
• Repayment method Sales proceeds to be deposited in the concerned Account.

• Disbursement mode by Installment or in lump sump within

Eligibility

• Having business at least 2 years in the same line.
• Age Limit of the Borrower : 20 years to 60 years.

Required Documents

• Last twelve months’ sales statement.
• Last twelve months’ bank statement.
• Valid Trade License of last two years.
• National Voter ID/ Passport of the borrower.
• Photographs of the borrower and the guarantors.
• Utility bills of business.

After completed all criteria Jamuna Bank sanctioned his loan. Mr. Malek doing  his business successfully.  And his record of repayment is very good.

Case Analysis

Case-2 Machinery Loan

Mr. Kamal is a business man. He has a ‘Rice Mill’ at Savar Bazar Road. He wants to purchase a machine for his mill. Jamuna Bank is there with the offer of ‘Jamuna Jantrik’ through which the client can get a lease finance facility. The key features of this loan is-

Purpose

• To procure machinery or vehicle for SME business purpose.

Key Features

• Loan Amount: BDT 5.00 lac to BDT 50.00 lac.
• Tenure: Max. 60 months.
• Interest Rate: Competitive interest rate.
• Fast and quality service.
• legal documents as per documentation checklist.
• Rate of Interest/Return 13% P.A
• Loan processing fee 1% of the loan amount
• Penal interest/Compensation 4% P.A on the overdue amount
• Maximum period of loan 05 years
• Repayment method installment  basis
• Disbursement mode one time.

Eligibility

• Having business for at least 2 years in the same line.
• Age Limit: 20 years to 60 years.

Required Documents

• Last twelve months’ sales statement.
• Last twelve months’ bank statement.
• Valid Trade License of last two years.
• National Voter ID/ Passport of the borrower.
• Photographs of the borrower and the guarantors.
• Utility bills of the concerned business.

Under this product, if the customer is able to provide 30% of the cost of machinery in the form of FDR and has regular cash flow to pay loan installments, then further security  may not be insisted other then hypothecated stock and personal guarantee of the customer.

Case Analysis

Case-3: Woman Enterprise Loan

Mrs. Rabeya is most important client of JBL in Savar branch. She is doing business from five years. She has a flower’s shop in savar bus stand. She was started her business with     small amount of money. After taking loan from JBL, savar branch, she expanded her business.

About fifty percent of our total population is women and many of them have succeeded as a business entrepreneur. To give our incomparable ladies some extra ease and to help them to get financial freedom, Jamuna Bank Ltd. is offering a product ‘Jamuna Nari Uddogh’. To make your dream come true, JBL always with you as a true friend.

Purpose

• Any justifiable business purpose.

Key Features

• Loan Amount: BDT 3.00 lac to BDT 50.00 lac.
• Tenure: For Trading and Service Industry 36 months.
• For Manufacturing industry 42 months. Interest Rate: 10% – the lowest interest rate.
• Fast and Quality Service.
• No hidden Charge.
• Up to BDT 25.00 lac is collateral Free.

Eligibility

• Having business at least 2 years in the same line of business.
• Age Limit: 25 years to 60 years.

Required Documents

• Last Twelve months sales statement.
• Last Twelve months bank statement of transactional account.
• Valid Trade License of last two years.
• National Voter ID/ Passport/ Ward Commissioner/ UP Chairman certificate of the borrower.
• Photograph of the proprietor and the guarantors.
• Utility bill of business.

Case Analysis

Upturn of SME Finance

Recovery:

As JBL Savar Branch has been established at December, 2009, loan disbursement and recovery in amount can’t be compared with year to year But it pleasurable matter that this branch disbursed loan 9, 86, 00,000 taka in 2010. Majority parts of loan have being disbursed in continuous loan, recovery of loan will be held after two or three years by maturity of duration. Getting monthly income from interest of disbursed loan is higher than other income source of branch.

Loan Facilities:

The main focus of Jamuna Bank Ltd. Loan Line/Program is financing business, trade and industrial activities through an effective delivery system.

• Jamuna Bank Ltd. offers loan to almost all sectors of commercial activities having productive purpose.
• Loan facilities are offered to individuals including housewives, businessmen, small and big business houses, traders, manufactures, corporate bodies, etc.
• Loan is provided to the rural people for agricultural production and other off-farm activities.
• Loan pricing system is customer friendly.
• Prime customers enjoy prime rate in lending and other services.
• Quick appreciation, appraisal, decision and disbursement are ensured.
• Loan facilities are extended as per guidelines of Bangladesh Bank (Central Bank of Bangladesh) and operational procedures of the Bank.

Repayment of Loan 

When loans become irregular in repayment, these loans are called classified loans. Classification of loans is the process of identifying those loan accounts and giving special attention to those loans by separating those loan accounts. Classification of loans also measures the level of risk associated with it. Every banks give loans and advances.

But not all the loans are repaid by the borrower in specific time. There are some loans, the repayment of which is irregular. Banks find out these loans and give special treatment to these loans.

• Classified Loans: Loans, the repayment of which is irregular.
• Unclassified Loans: Loans, the repayment of which is regular.

Classified loans are of three types again:

• Substandard: Repayment is irregular, but it can be improved.
• Doubtful: Unlikely to be repaid but special collection efforts may result in partial recovery of the loan amount.
• Bad or Loss: No chance is left for recovery of loan.

Findings Summery, Recommendation & Conclusion

Findings summary:

By analyzing data the following findings have been sought:

Multiple problems gripped the JBL

• Lack of update products is a drawback of the general banking area of the JAMUNA Bank. New products such as student loan, medical loan, marriage loan are not available in JBL.
• From the clients view introducer is one of the problems to open an account. It is general problem to all commercial bank.
• They face troubles with those clients who have not any knowledge in banking transactions and banking rules.
• As a result of technological change such as use of new software. There are few staffs that face to finish every task immediately so before utilizing new technology proper training should be arranged.
• One problem is that bank always follows the policy of risk averse in the world today all the organization are moving in approach of risk taking. As a result it is facing some problems and also facing competition from other bank
• The recovery of capital in small business loan section is threatened.
• JAMUNA Bank has insufficiencies of Authorized Dealer Branch in respect of the total foreign business. Bank has only six branches, which have AD licenses. As a result in total foreign exchange business is very small in respect of total market.
• Per-shipment inspection certificate should obtain from the exporter of back to back L/C. Because it reduce it fraud and forgery in case of import against master export L/C, but all the time this pre-shipment inspection certificate are not wanted by the bank

Learning point: JBL Savar

The theoretical knowledge is obtained from the courses of study, which is only half of the way of the subject matter. The perfect coordination between theory and practice is of paramount importance in the context of the modern business world in order to resolve the dichotomy between these two areas. I got this chance in Jamuna Bank Ltd, Savar branch. Although this branch is newly established, I took worthiness experience on banking sector through this branch. Every officer was very co-operative to make me understand about whatever I wanted to know about banking.

I learnt on banking activities and other activities

• How to open various account by fulfilling requirements
• How to give order online to issue cheque book
• How to issue Demand Draft
• How to make clearing inward and outward cheque clearing
• How to make collection and payment of cash
• How to make voucher slotting
• How to make loan disbursement

Recommendations:

In order to get competitive advantage and to deliver quality service, top management should try to modify the services. For the improvement of the service the following measures should be taken:

• The Jamuna Bank Ltd. should concentrate more on its deposit products and offer more attractive interest rates than those offered by any other bank.
• For customer’s convenience, JBL should provide more personnel to deliver faster services to their honorable customer.
• Development of human resources should be ensured to increase efficiency in work..
• More interest should be paid on deposit account so that customers are convinced to deposit their money in bank.
• Research and Development wing must be more extensive and rich.
• Effective strategies must be undertaken against defaulter.
• Branches should have a separate section to analyze the financial statement for fining its liquidity, profitability and ownership ratios.
• Time consumed at service level should be minimized at optimum level.
• Evaluate customer’s needs from their perspective and explain logically the shortcomings.
• Improve office atmosphere to give customers better feeling.
• Use of effective MIS.
• Bank should not give loans to aged clients. Specifically, client over 55 years of age (in Bangladesh context) should not be given loan.
• The Tax Payer’s Identification Number (TIN) must be made compulsory for applying for the loan.
• Bank should ensure that if a borrower dies, there are other capable persons who can take charge of the business and keep the business running without any interruption.

Conclusion:

The year 2010 was an extraordinary period for Bangladesh because of the challenges faced from the impact of the sudden fall in the share market. Despite the challenges, the year was another successful year for the banking industry in Bangladesh and the bank has managed quite successfully. The bank ended the year with a steady growth and the market share was retained in all areas of operation.

The Jamuna Bank Limited is a strong and effective player in the financial system. It is a solid, forward-looking, modern local bank with a record of sound performance. It is a new generation bank. It is committed to provide high quality financial services/products to contribute to the growth of GDP of the country and the growth of industrialization, boosting up export, creating employment opportunity for the educated youth, raising standard of living of limited income group and overall sustainable socioeconomic development of the country.

The bank has a vision to be the best private commercial bank in Bangladesh in terms of efficiency, capital adequacy, asset quality, sound management, etc. It is now one of the top most profitable private commercial bank in the country.

The bank is maintaining a well-structured communication from top to bottom level. The work experience in the Jamuna Bank, Savar branch for the period of internship program was very educating. All officers of this branch were cooperative and very friendly in their attitude. Job environment in the Jamuna Bank is excellent. The bank must accept any failures and consider these as a persuasion to pursue future goals instead of looking back on the failures and it must keep looking forward to playing an important role in our economy. As a leading bank of Bangladesh, JBL contributes in the business with promising future. I can hope that JBL can spread their business with increasing various scheme and other utility services.