Biology

Aquatic Toxicology is a multidisciplinary branch that includes the study of natural and synthetic toxicants and their effects that are leading to toxicity of aquatic…

Ecotoxicology is the science devoted to the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on an ecosystem’s structure, functions, and biodiversity. It is the study…

Plant hormones are chemical plants use for communication, coordination, and development between their many cells. They also are known as phytohormones, are signal molecules, produced…

Plant Nutrition Plants need nutrients for the same reasons that animals need them. They need them to germinate, grow, fight off diseases and pests, and…

Plant pathology is a branch of botany concerned with the diseases of plants. It is the science that studies the causes of plant diseases, the…

A double membrane consisting of an outer and an inner phospholipid bilayer is the nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane. It is present…

Anaerobic digestion is the process by which organic matter such as animal or food waste is broken down to produce biogas and biofertilizer. It is…

An amyloplast is an organelle that is present in plant cells involved in different biological pathways. Specifically, amyloplasts are a leucoplast type, a subcategory for…

Plastids are storage organelles contained in plant cells, including chromoplasts (they carry colored pigments for organisms such as flowers) and chloroplasts (which carry the green…

Nekton or necton, the assemblage of pelagic animals which swim freely, independent of water movement or wind, from the Greek nekton meaning “to swim”. In…

Hermit Crab, any crab of the Paguridae and Coenobitidae families (class Crustacea Decapoda order). These crabs are superfamily Paguroidea anomuran decapod crustaceans who adapted to…

Carrying Capacity is the number or quantity of people or things that can be conveyed by a vehicle or container. The carrying capacity of an…