Prime objective of this lecture is to present on Deforestation and Conservation. Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees or derived charcoal are used as, or sold, for fuel or as a commodity, while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of commodities, and settlements. About 11000 ago, before Man learnt to cultivate land for growing his own food, a large part of the Earth was covered with forests. Today, six out of ten forests have been cleared, so that they now cover little more than one-fifth of the land on Earth. Destruction of forested land is called deforestation.