Calcium fumarate is a compound with formula Ca(C2H2(COO)2) or (OOC-CH=CH-COO)Ca. It is a chemical compound that is used primarily as a dietary supplement, providing a source of calcium, which is essential for maintaining strong bones and teeth, as well as proper muscle function and nerve signaling. It is often found in tablets or powders as a supplement to prevent or treat calcium deficiencies. It is a calcium salt of fumaric acid, and has been used to enrich foods to boost calcium absorption.
It has E number “E367”.
Properties
- Chemical formula: CaC4H2O4
- Appearance: It typically appears as a white crystalline powder or granules.
- Solubility: It has low solubility in water but dissolves more readily in acidic conditions. Its solubility is quite limited, which means it does not dissolve well in most aqueous solutions.
- Stability: It is stable under normal conditions. It does not easily decompose, making it useful in various chemical and pharmaceutical applications.
- Acidity/Basicity: It is not highly acidic or basic. It tends to be neutral or slightly basic in nature due to the calcium ion.
- Hygroscopicity: It is generally non-hygroscopic, meaning it does not readily absorb moisture from the air.
Occurrences
- Natural Occurrence in Plants: Calcium fumarate, or its precursor fumaric acid, occurs naturally in various plants, especially in fruits and vegetables like beets, apples, and mushrooms. Fumaric acid, the parent compound, is also found in lichens.
- Biological Role: Calcium fumarate is a biological precursor in some metabolic processes, particularly in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), which is vital for cellular energy production. In plants, fumarate plays a role in photosynthesis and plant metabolism.
- Food and Supplements: Calcium fumarate is used as a food additive and in nutritional supplements due to its calcium content. It is sometimes added to fortified foods, especially for individuals with calcium deficiencies.
- In the Pharmaceutical Industry: It is used in pharmaceutical formulations as a source of calcium, especially in supplements aimed at promoting bone health. It is commonly found in products designed to help treat or prevent calcium deficiency.
Some common uses of calcium fumarate include:
- Bone Health: As a calcium supplement, it helps in preventing or treating calcium deficiency, which can lead to conditions like osteoporosis or rickets.
- Dietary Supplement: It’s often found in multivitamins or other mineral supplements.
- Potential Health Benefits: While calcium fumarate is primarily used for its calcium content, some studies suggest that the fumarate component might have other health benefits, such as antioxidant effects, but more research is needed.
