Introduction:
We study organizational behavior, so it is very important in an organization. We choose a company which name is Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Popular develops several modern GMP standard production lines and are capable of
producing a number of preparations separately in its different plants. Our capabilities and
expertise in manufacturing finished formulations are exemplified by its wide range of dosage forms and packages.
Method :
Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd They follows the custodial model. They have an organization and they follow their rules and regulation. Manager follows their employees they soon recognized that although autocratically managed employees never talk back to their boss.
Employee wants to say many things and sometimes they did say them when they quit or lost their tempers. Employees were filled with insecurity, frustrations and aggressions toward their boss. So they could not vent these feelings directly sometimes they went home and vented them on their families and neighbors, so the entire communication might suffer from this relationship.
To satisfy the security needs of Employees Company have welfare programs. In this organization they extreme in order to show its emphasis on materials rewards, security and organizational dependence.
Limitation :
In our Pharmaceutical Company here limitation are very few. We can not develop or product at the perfect time of the market due to the shortage of our raw materials. We think that if we recover our shortage of the raw materials we can full fill our customer demand of the Pharmaceutical product and we can increase or company day by day and we complete our goal.
Scope :
Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (PPL) is exporting its high quality products to a number of countries in Asia and Africa and continuously exploring newer markets round the globe. PPL airlifted its first commercial consignment to Kenya during the first week of December, 2006 which is the quickest export for a pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh, within the 16th month of its commercial launching in local pharmaceutical market. Capitalizing on our strict compliance to WHO cGMP standards, we have initiated proceedings for exporting our products to the developed countries that demand stringent regulatory requirements.
Products from Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. are expected to become available soon in Singapore, Philippines, Myanmar, some African countries including Libya, Tanzania, Nigeria and Yemen and some other Latin countries also in future.
Management:
Management is a process of coordination of work activities to achieve goal efficiently and effectively.
Definition of organizational behavior:
Organizational behavior is the systematic study and careful application of knowledge about how people- as individuals and as groups act within organization.
It strives to identify ways in which people can act more effectively.
Fundamental concept of Organizational Behavior:
Organizational Behavior with a set of fundamental concept is two types –
a) The nature of people
b) The nature of organization
The nature of people The nature of organization
1. Individual difference 1) Social system
2. Perception 2) Mutual interest
3. A whole person 3) Ethics
4. Motivated behavior
5. Desire for involvement
6. Value of the person
Every where have some positive side and negative side, some opportunity and some limitation.
Limitation of organizational behavior –
a) Behavioral bias
b) The law of diminishing returns
c) Unethical manipulation of people
Organizations achieve their goals by creating, communication and operating an organizational behavior system. Five major elements of organizational behavioral Philosophies.
- Autocratic
- Custodial
- Supportive
- Collegial
- System
Autocratic: The autocratic model depends on power. Those who are in command must have the power to demand to demand you do this – or else meaning that an employee who does not follow orders will be penalized.
Custodial model:
Employee’s behavior managed by offering welfare program like pension, Incentive etc. Application of this model depends on economics resources of organization.
Supportive model:
Depends on leadership instead of power and money. Manager help employee builds a relation with them, employees like self responsibilities.
Collegial model:
Manager’s builds a team create a feeling a partnership. Managers are seen as contribution rather then a boss.
System model:
Managers and employees both intend to work for community, environment protection etc.
Motivation:
Motivation is a process when incentive is provided to get extra out put. First we identified what employees need.
Needs are two parts –
Primary needs: Basic physical needs called primary needs. The physical needs include food, water, sex, sleep, air and reasonable comfortable temperature.
Secondary needs:
Social and psychological needs, called secondary needs. Secondary needs are vaguer because they represent needs of the mind and spirit rather than of the physical body. Status, self – esteem, recognition etc. Various between man to man, place to place.
Leadership:
Leadership is the process of influencing and supporting employees so that they work enthusiastically toward achieving objectives. Main issue is personal relationship of managers with employees.
Behavioral approaches to leadership style:-
1) Positive leader – depends on rewards.
Negative leader – depends on punishment.
2) Autocratic leader – depends on power
Consultative leader – discuss with employee
Participative leader – employees take decision
3) Employee oriented and task oriented –
Leader gives important to employee’s human needs first.
Leader gives maximum important on production.
Participation:
Involvement of employee in decision making.
Three elements of participation-
a) Involvement of decision making.
b) Contribution
c) Responsibility
Empowerment:
Making employee knowledgeable about details information of organization.
Five broad approaches to empowerment:
a) Helping through coaching
b) Allowing more control
c) Providing successful role model
d) Using social reinforcement
e) Giving emotion support
Conflict:
Conflict is an interpersonal process that arises from disagreement over the goals to attain or the methods to be used to accomplish those goals.
Conflict can occur within an employee between individuals or groups and across organization as they conflict.
Managing change:
Change is any alteration occurring in the work environment that affects the ways in which employees must act.
To survive organization need to decided not whether to change.
Profile of Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. :
Year of Establishment: 1983
Commercial Production: 2006
Status: Public Limited Company
Business Lines: Manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical Finished Formulation Products, Large Volume Potentials and
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
Overseas Offices & Associates: Bhutan, Cambodia, Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Yemen.
Authorized Capital (Taka): 350 Core.
Number of Employees: 1,200
With a vision to serve world-class healthcare service to the people, Founded in 2006, Popular Group started Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Popular Infusions Ltd., which are already known for their outstanding quality &innovative product range. The latest venture of Popular Group is PopularSpecializedHospital which will fulfill the Group’s devoted commitment towards the health sector of Bangladesh providing the complete healthcare services.
Founded in 1983, Popular Group started with high Tec diagnostic facility. Popular came to believe that our Destiny lies with the people. We charted out a course of serving people with a mission – making ‘Popular’ a synonym of trust and confidence. As a diagnostic centre of high professional precision Poplar’s aim was to serve both hospital inpatients and referrals from the learned private practitioners to get their clinical and other available screenings done with utmost care and dedication. Within a short span of time ‘Popular’
Became a symbol of reliability. Popular Diagnostic Centre Ltd. itself is a referral Laboratory for any complicated test or ultimate screening. Besides, it carries out various research programs with global entities like JohnHopkinsUniversity, Nagasaki University of Japan. During last 25 years Popular Diagnostic Centre has diversified its areas landscapes of healthcare services.
Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (PPL) is exporting its high quality products to a number of Countries in Asia and Africa and continuously exploring newer markets round the globe. PPL airlifted its first commercial consignment to Kenya during the first week of December, 2006 which is the quickest export for a pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh, within the 16th Month of its commercial launching in local pharmaceutical market. Capitalizing on our strict Compliance to WHO GMP standards, we have initiated proceedings for exporting our Products to the developed countries that demand stringent regulatory requirements. Products from Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. are expected to become available soon in Singapore, Philippines, Myanmar, some African countries including Libya, Tanzania, Nigeria and Yemen and some other Latin countries also in future.
The mission of Popular Agrovet is to develop, manufacture and market Medicines, nutritional feed additives for animals, poultry, including antibiotics, hormone, vitamins, amino acids andenzymes. Animal nutrition and health supplements become essential components in the production of high quality, competitive and profitable livestock and poultry. Only a few major companies in Bangladesh have the technology, the large scale Manufacturing plants and research and development support to further enhance the development of these products.
Manufacturing Operations:
Popular develops several modern GMP standard production lines and are capable of Producing a number of preparations separately in its different plants. Our capabilities and expertise in manufacturing finished formulations are exemplified by its wide range of dosage forms and packages.
- The plants’ floor surface is supplemented with self leveling epoxy coating that leaves no room even for slightest microbial growth. The plants’ inner wall are made of easy to clean, nonconductive, sound & damp proof insulated sandwich panel.
- We maintain differential air pressure technology among production chambers and Corridors.
- In the plants we have central HVAC system with air filtration, room pressure & humidity control mechanism. The double air lock safety doors prevent air borne particles from outside.
- The world renowned high speed mixer, high speed tablet compression machine, PLC controlled tablet coating machine, encapsulation machine, complete online Micro dose line, high capacity lyophilizer, the offline printer for foil printing, the state of the art blister packing machine & many more such sophisticated pharmaceutical machineries.
- Sophisticated automatic purified water and WFI plant of European origin ensures high quality USP standard purified water and WFI.
- Captive electricity generation is available to guarantee uninterrupted power supply to the plant.
- Dedicated facility for beta-lactams, non beta-lactams, Cephalosporins and Penicillins.
Quality Assurance:
Popular Pharma treats quality as the life of the company. The quality assurance team implements measures to assure the quality of its products in the process from production, testing to distribution and to improve persistently the internal controlling standards to promote the quality, safety and efficacy of the medicines produced. As the pioneer manufacturer of insulin, Popular has accumulated much experience in quality control, particularly for biological products. To assure constant good quality, Popular has employed a whole set of advanced testing system for quality control. With its efficient hardware and the values for quality assurance, Popular has the capability and confidence to provide products of high quality.
The in-process control where product parameters like weight, hardness, disintegration, friability, bulk density, thickness are checked at frequent intervals during production in order to ensure product quality.
Marketing & Sales:
Popular is committed to support healthcare professionals to meet the increased challenges and demands of today’s healthcare environment. Thereby, setting up professionally trained marketing & sales is the top priority of Popular. So far Popular has around 500 sales representatives, 120 sales leaders and 11 nationwide branches to offer professional services. Popular responds to customers’ needs to build their confidence in our company and our products. “Customers do not buy products, they seek to acquire benefits.” Popular keeps this as mindset to direct our daily marketing and services. Popular focuses on programs that are innovative, sustainable and bring real benefits to medical professionals. Meanwhile, Popular is committed to providing medicines to patients at rational price.
Popular actively participates in health and education programs and partnerships with medical professionals that aim to bring sustainable improvements to quality medical care.
Popular believes all these activities create value for doctors & patients.
With the efforts as described above, popular aims to differentiate themselves with competitors and build distinguished image to customers. Popular also believes that these efforts will impact positively improving our commitment to the society and customers.
Special Promotional Activities:
CME (Continuing Medical Education) Program: Popular Pharma arranges CMEs in different units of hospital & clinics to update the doctors with new developments in the medical field.
ABM (Advisory Board Meeting) & SPM (Specialist Panel Meeting): In ABM/SPM, opinion leader doctors are invited to take part in discussion on medical treatment problem and their solution.
Academic Release & Journal Reprint Service: Popular regularly provides latest books, guidelines and renowned medical journals on doctor’s request as an academic service to the medical professionals.
Key Opinion Leaders Contact: Popular always gives special emphasis to the key opinion leader doctors of different therapeutic areas through close contact and regular interaction with top management as well as field force. The suggestion of KOLs is always incorporated in promotional strategies and new product launching plan.
GP Training Program: The General Practitioners have to solve critical cases as patients first visit them in any medical complications. To update and upgrade the knowledge of the GPs, Popular arranges training program for GPs in diversified subjects such as Stroke Management, Use of Anti-biotics etc., alone and in collaboration with different departments of renowned medical institutions.
Scientific partnership with Medical Associations: Popular has developed partnership and technical collaboration with organizations such as BSM (Bangladesh Society of Medicine), APB (Association of Physicians of Bangladesh), OGSB (The Obstetrical and Gynaecological Society of Bangladesh), BSA (Bangladesh society of Anesthesiologists), OSB (Ophthalmological Society of Bangladesh) etc. & provides continuous support to organize scientific programs.
Global Presence:
Pharmaceutical industry is one of the areas where Bangladesh has achieved remarkable advancement. Being one of the 39 LDCs, Bangladesh is allowed to manufacture patented drugs till 2016 as per directives of WTO-Trips. Among the LDCs, Bangladesh has the best infrastructure to manufacture pharmaceutical finished formulations. Keeping the enormous potential of the market in mind, Popular Pharma is established in compliance to all the norms to become a Global Company.
Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (PPL) is exporting its high quality products to a number of countries in Asia and Africa and continuously exploring newer markets round the globe. PPL airlifted its first commercial consignment to Kenya during the first week of December, 2006 which is the quickest export for a pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh, within the 16th month of its commercial launching in local pharmaceutical market. Capitalizing on our strict compliance to WHO cGMP standards, we have initiated proceedings for exporting our products to the developed countries that demand stringent regulatory requirements.
Products from Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. are expected to become available soon in Singapore, Philippines, Myanmar, some African countries including Libya, Tanzania, Nigeria and Yemen and some other Latin countries also in future.
Core Values:
The core values of Popular must be reflected in our work style while dealing with the following group of people:
- Doctors
- Patients
- Stakeholders
- Employees
- Society at large
HONESTY & INTEGRITY
We must perform with highest level of honesty, integrity, sincerity and commitment and establish highest professional standards within the organization ensuring transparency at all level.
OWNERSHIP
Popular is our company, thus we must be accountable to the patients and to the doctors with an ultimate goal to achieve excellence in performance, ensuring a congenial, threat-free, learning work environment. Thereby we can all perform and develop to our highest level of potential, so that we can put highest quality of products to the disposal of medical community and to the patients who need it.
RESPECT
We must respect others irrespective of their race, religion, gender and hierarchical level and value peoples’ opinion, ability and creativity and demonstrate through our behavior and action.
QUALITY
We must ensure highest standard of quality in our products and services, striving for continuous improvement to be the 0-defect company, serving humanity and enhancing human life.
ENVIRONMENT
We must conserve resources and energy and our activities, products and services must be environment safe.
FULFILLMENT
We will work in a way so that all POPULAR employees can fulfill their career dream.
Findings of Study :
Name of the Manager: Mr. Shahen Shah
Designation: Head of Agrovet Division
Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Date of Interview:18 October, 2009
Place of Interview: Head Office of PPL
Question-1: What are the vision and mission of your company?
Manager:
Vision: With a vision to serve world-class healthcare service to the people, Popular Group started Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Popular Infusions Ltd., which are already known for their outstanding quality &innovative product range. The latest venture of Popular Group is PopularSpecializedHospital which will fulfill the Group’s devoted commitment towards the health sector of Bangladesh providing the complete healthcare services.
Mission:
“Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd. will be the leading pharmaceutical company of the country within 2015. As manufacturer of high tech, high quality, affordable medicines.”
We offer a range of pre-formulation and formulation development Services on new active substances, generics and upgrades of existing Formulations- from pilot batches for stability testing and validations to Technology transfer and from development support for scale-up to Commercial production.
Question-2: Are you following any organizational behavior and which model follows?
Manager:
Every organization follows their rule. We have an organizational rule. We follow the custodial model that means managed the employee’s behavior. Here we offer different kinds incentive, pension, welfare etc. Employee need security, they aspect the good things in future. We have insurance policy welfare program.
Question-3: How are you motivated the employee, if always gives you positive result?
Manager:
We motivate our employee in different way. We give rewards, incentive, target achievement and national and international tour. Two eid bonus for all employees. It depends on salary basics. Another one is LFA (Leave fro annual) this remuneration for all employees, that means Ten thousand taka. Our opportunities are loan, car and advance salary. Advance salary gives the employee at a time three times of their gross salary.
It give us the positive result. We reach our target. In competitive market we improve very quickly.
Question-4: What other approaches might have worked better?
Manager:
I think that day by day everything improve. We concern about our employees. If we need top any position or manager level position that time we collect the employee in over organization, we offer the car. We offer the standard hous rent, Another option is if any body stay in office and his/ her annual leave is 60 days when his / her leave collect will be 60 days with in two or three years Popular provide that employee a handsome salary at a time.
Question-5: As a leader which leadership style did you use?
Manager:
Of course, we follow the leadership. I have a good relation with my employee, consultative leadership follow. I always depend on rewards system. If i take any decision, I consult with my employee; they told me what is good or bad. I inspire them they success their mission.
Question-6: Why conceptual leadership skills become more important and technical skill less important at higher organizational levels?
Manager:
Conceptual leadership skill and technical skill leader. In both skill leader is important. Technical skill leader is special in one field. When we think about top position we need over all idea and clear concept about organization. Conceptual leader think advance about future of the organization.
Question-7: How is it possible for participation to increase the power and influence of both manager and employees?
Manager:
In our organization ever body participated. It depends on position. Manager, MD, they know the organization policies, when we recruit new employee we training them they know the organization policies, assets, total employee.
Question-8: As a manager is you think any conflict in your organization?
Manager:
Every organization have a conflict, it could be personal, group or department wise. In our organization mainly conflict are departmentalization. One department to another department, some group conflicts are happen, we try to solve the problem.
Question-9: What are the effects of conflict?
Manager:
Conflict effects are two types. It could be good or bad. As a manager, I never aspect bad thing, I never aspect it happen long time. I use the group to produce the more products.
Question-10: What types of groups do you have?
Manager:
In our organization two types of groups. One is formal and another one is informal group. Organization creates a opportunity to make a group. This group is approved by organization. Some times employee create group for their needs it could be logical or not. It never survives long time.
Question-11: What are the benefits and problems of the informal organization?
Manager:
Informal group is a problem when employee make a group they can do anything as a manager I concern about informal group. When they make a group, we collect the information, what’s there a need. We think mutual it, or we make a committee with senior Manager.
Question-12: Stress is not managed to be removed, what happens on employee?
Manager:
Every organization has stress. As a private company here work stress are more. Here employees work in under pressure. Some time they feel bad. It creates a personal problem.
Their behavior is rude with her families and with her relatives. We try to most recover them to free them/ refresh them.
Comments:
Organization has two types of needs.
Primary needs and secondary needs. In this organization primary needs are fulfilled. Employees are satisfied food, comfort and salary. Secondary needs are not fulfilled in the same time. In this organization provided car but they have not any accommodation facilities. Employees want this reward to be fair. If there is no equality there will no motivation.
Leadership is the process of influencing and supporting employees so that they work to achieve objective. For that reason manager create good relation with employees. Leader give importance to employees human needs first. Pharmaceutical organization especially sales department they work in field they have lot of experience. How beat the competitor they know very well. If company more participated the employees, they know more about the company. They contributed the decision making. It will be more effective. Employee’s attitude is important factor regarding response to change.
Conclusion
Finally, we say that this company use organizational behavior but it is not completed. They improve day by day also they have some limitation. Pharmaceutical markets are more competitive. Everyday they use new method to beat the other company. Other company employees what they do they observe it. They predict what will be the employee’s behavior in future.
Popular pharmaceutical company they use the custodial model but it is not computed. They have opportunity to work as a team. They offer different types of rule to motivate the employees to give reward such as salary increase, bonus, promotion, pension etc.
In pharmaceutical company job security is very low. Here most of the employees are work under pressure. They have a target, every month they fulfill the target. If they did not reach the target he loses her job. They offer many facilities car, salary advancement and other benefits. I think all employees are not agreeing with common bonus. Manager and employees relation are good.
Managers discuss with employees but he takes decision. Employees participated and contribute to make decision. They take decision combine with employees, especially in sales division.
Manager helps the employees to participate the seminar. In this organization conflict are happen in sometimes. It could be departmental, Interpersonal or Intergroup. Sometimes manager are benefited for this conflict. But it is dangerous when it is long time happen. Employees work in under pressure. They feel stress from job related issue. Every month they have a target. It is increase every month, so they feel excess work load. For that reason employees suffer different problem. This company they have some limitation. Overall company performance is good.
