Iatrogenesis is a major cause of mortality due to the poor sanitation of doctors and their ignorance of the germ theory of medicine. It refers to harm to health caused by medical treatment or medical personnel. Some iatrogenesis effects are clearly defined and easily recognized, such as a complication following a surgical procedure. It can be caused by the error or negligence of medical professionals in other ways. Iatrogenesis artifacts also include “diseases” created by and diagnosed by doctors that do not actually exist naturally, such as “hystero-epilepsy,” and are instead the product of mistaken beliefs about causation or how the body works, or of the doctor’s cultural environment.