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Nurse plants are plants that assist seedlings establish themselves and protect young plants from harsh conditions in the environment. Nurse trees and nurse shrubs are…

Mycorrhizal networks are an intriguing aspect of the symbiotic interaction that exists between fungi and plant roots. A common mycorrhizal network (CMN) is an underground…

Host cell proteins (HCPs) are proteins produced by the host organism, such as a mammalian cell line, during the manufacturing process of a biological medicine.…

Protein purification is a set of procedures designed to separate one or more proteins from a complicated mixture, typically cells, organs, or entire organisms. It…

Microbial proteins or single-cell proteins (SCP) are edible unicellular bacteria. This is a sort of microbial biomass that can be used as a source of…

Gene expression is the process by which the information contained in a gene is used to produce a functional gene product, often a protein. It…

The metatranscriptome is a collection of approaches used to analyze gene expression in bacteria in natural environments. It is a discipline of molecular biology and…

Cyberbiosecurity is a new field that exists at the crossroads of cybersecurity and biosecurity. It focuses on protecting biological and biotechnological research, data, and infrastructure…

Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) is a development methodology as well as a set of tools and strategies used in rural and community development contexts. Non-governmental…

Participatory technology development (PTD) is a learning and innovation strategy utilized in international development as part of initiatives and programs linked to sustainable agriculture. It…

According to UNESCO, a Living Human Treasure is a person who holds a high level of knowledge and abilities required for performing or re-creating specific…

The relationship between a founder’s personality and the success of a startup is a topic that has been extensively researched and argued in the world…