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Satoyama is a typical, long-lasting rural landscape or ecological system. It is a Japanese name for the area or border zone between mountain foothills and…

Intercropping is a common agricultural practice in which two or more crops are cultivated in the same field at the same time. It is a…

Ecological facilitation is a term used in ecology to describe the favorable interactions that occur between different species or organisms within an ecosystem. Probiosis, as…

Protein production is the biotechnological process of creating a specific protein. It refers to the process by which cells produce proteins. Proteins are vital molecules…

Metaproteomics is a branch of microbiology and environmental science that studies the collective set of proteins expressed by a complex microbial population. It is a…

Pathogenomics is a branch of biology that integrates genomics (the study of an organism’s entire gene set) with the study of pathogens, which are germs…

Participatory development (PD) aims to involve local residents in development efforts. It is a development strategy that emphasizes the active participation of local communities, stakeholders,…

In general, participatory justice refers to the direct engagement of people most affected by a particular judgment in the decision-making process itself: this could refer…

An intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is a practice, representation, expression, knowledge, or skill recognized by UNESCO as part of a place’s cultural legacy. It refers…

Urban forestry is the maintenance and management of single trees and tree communities in urban areas with the goal of improving the urban environment. It…

Rural development is the process of enhancing people’s quality of life and economic well-being in rural areas, which are generally isolated and sparsely inhabited. It…

Fructolysis is the metabolic pathway by which fructose, a simple sugar or monosaccharide, is broken down and transformed into other molecules to provide energy or…