Science

Seismic activity is defined as the types, frequency and size of earthquakes that happen over a period of time in a certain area. Many erupts are…

Major purpose of this lecture is to present on Volcano Monitoring. Volcano Observatories are set up on all active volcanoes that threaten the human population. These are…

Lava flows although generally slower moving and less catastrophic than pyroclastic flows still remain dangerous. It have temperatures in excess of 200 degrees Celsius. Therefore…

The aim of this lecture is to present on How do Pyroclastic Flows cause devastation? The direct force of a pyroclastic flow traveling at 10’s of metres…

Prime purpose of this lecture is to present on Pyroclastic Flow. Pyroclastic Flow is a dense, destructive mass of very hot ash, lava fragments, and gases ejected explosively…

Basic purpose of this lecture is to present on Volcanic Eruptions. A volcano is a vent or ‘chimney’ that connects molten rock (magma) from within the Earth’s…

General purpose of this lecture is to present on Volcanoes. A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows…

A volcano is a mountain that forms when magma reaches the surface of the Earth. Magma rises because it is less dense than the solid rock…

Primary objective of this lecture is to present on Streams and Floods. Stream is a body of running water that is confined in a channel and moves…

Prime purpose of this lecture is to present on Weather Forecasting. Weather predictions are based on information about air masses, fronts, and associated pressure systems in an…

This lecture focus to describe on Avalanches and Transportation. Avalanches and transportation includes: highways and railways; control and reduction; high cost of link closure and potential for disaster. There are several…

Avalanches are falling mass of snow and/or ice; a mass-wasting process and analogous to debris flows or mudslides. It is a natural hazard – threat to life and…