There are many factors which influenced the use of ADR and therefore the development and proliferation of various ‘alternative’ criminal justice processes cannot be attributed solely to one influence or to one policy agenda. Other motivations for the implementation of such reforms include: case management; cost-effectiveness and efficiency; and the desire to create a more appropriate and culturally flexible system for dealing with offenders (especially Indigenous and juvenile offenders).More cynically, some see criminal justice reform as being a response to the fiscal ‘crisis’ that results from an increase in number of those incarcerated and a response to the call to reduce public spending.