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The vascular cambium functions as a lateral meristem. It is a form of meristem tissue present in vascular plants, specifically their stems and roots. It…

A vessel element (trachea) is a type of cell found in plants’ xylem, which conducts water. It is a kind of cell found in xylem,…

The Calvin cycle (sometimes called the Benson-Calvin cycle) is a series of chemical events that occur in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. The cycle is light-independent because…

Lanthanum(III) oxide, often known as lanthana, has the chemical formula La2O3. It is an inorganic compound comprising the rare earth element lanthanum and oxygen. It…

Lanthanum phosphide is an inorganic compound of lanthanum and phosphorus with the chemical formula LaP. It belongs to the category of binary compounds, where lanthanum…

Lanthanum carbide, or LaC2, is a chemical compound. It is being investigated in relation to the production of specific types of superconductors and nanotubes. It…

Lanthanum aluminate is an inorganic compound having the chemical formula LaAlO3, commonly abbreviated as LAO. It is an optically clear ceramic oxide with a deformed…

Annite is a mica-type phyllosilicate mineral. It is a mica mineral, specifically one from the biotite series. The chemical formula is KFe32+AlSi3O10(OH)2. Annite is the…

Antipinite is a rare alkali Copper oxalate mineral with the chemical formula KNa3Cu2(C2O4)4. Its type locality is the Tarapacá Region in Chile. The mineral belongs…

Aleutite is a rare mineral known for its distinctive chemical composition and geological significance. It is both a vanadate and an arsenate mineral, but it…

Dual electrification is a system in which a railway line is powered both by overhead catenary and a third rail. This allows trains that use…

Railway electrification is the use of electrical power to propel rail transport. It describes the process of powering trains using electricity rather than traditional technologies…