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Ambiguity Tolerance–Intolerance is the ability to perceive ambiguity in information and behaviour in a neutral and open way.  It serves to define and measure how…

Uncertainty Quantification plays a fundamental role in Validation of simulation methodologies and aims at developing rigorous methods to characterize the impact of variability and lack-of-knowledge…

Randomness is a conception of perfectly legitimate, if somewhat redundant. Randomness also plays an important role in scientific inference. A random sequence of events, symbols…

Information Entropy is a concept from information theory, which systems are modeled by a transmitter, channel, and receiver. It is a branch of mathematics and…

Fuzzy Set Theory describe about the basic mathematical framework of the most important applications of this theory to other theories and techniques. It is a…

Certainty is based on one’s current knowledge. It is possible to be certain, and still be wrong. Certainty is the acceptance of a fact without…

Uncertainty in terms of Psychology, which in science, is often interpreted much differently in the public sphere than in the scientific community. Uncertainty principle states…

Concept of Synchronicity is associated to coincidence, which is characterized by inexplainable or improbable events. Synchronicity involves the simultaneous occurrence of two or more *external*…

Reflexivity is the process of examining both oneself as researcher, and the research relationship. It involves making the research process itself a focus of inquiry,…

Referential Transparency, referred to a function, indicates that can determine the result of applying that function only by looking at the values of its arguments.…

This article describe about Multiset, which is a generalization of the concept of a set. The number of times an element belongs to the multiset…

Dialectical Method is resolution of disagreement through rational discussion, and, ultimately, the search for truth. It applies not only philosophers and philosophy, but throughout the…